Tool Tutorials

VIX Dealer Gamma (GEX) Tutorial

Chapter 1

Understanding Dealer Gamma Mechanics

The VIX Dealer Gamma Radar ranks daily net dealer gamma in a trailing 6-month window and filters by VIX regime to project forward VIX spike probabilities.

1. Conceptual Hierarchy

When institutional traders buy or sell VIX options, market makers absorb the inventory. Net Dealer Gamma (Net GEX) aggregates all open options contracts into a single metric representing dealer hedging pressure.

VIX Options Market (Institutional Buy & Sell Orders) Market Makers Absorb Remaining Inventory Dealer Inventory (Net Gamma Positioning) Aggregate Net Gamma Exposure Calculation VIX Net GEX (e.g., 8,995,477) Direct Measure of Dealer Hedging Pressure
Options are traded, dealers carry what is left over, and net GEX is the size of that carried position. This tool reads the bottom level and asks what spot VIX did next.
  • Spot VIX = 18.70: Establishes a Calm Regime (classified as any spot reading below 20.00).
  • High Net GEX Percentile: Signals heavy dealer option positioning, indicating significant hedging pressure that can influence market stability.
  • Low Net GEX Percentile: Signals light dealer positioning, leaving spot VIX more sensitive to sudden shifts in order flow.

2. Baseline System Inputs

The system captures two live metrics from the current session:

System Inputs = ( VIX Net GEX , Spot VIX Regime )
Example Input Pair: ( 8,995,477 Net GEX , Calm Regime (VIX = 18.70) )
See today's reading
Chapter 2

Percentile Ranking & Dual-Variable Matching

Because total open interest in options markets expands and contracts over multi-year cycles, raw gamma figures cannot be compared directly across different years. To ensure consistency, the analyzer calculates a rolling 6-month percentile rank and applies a Dual-Variable Matching Protocol.

1. Trailing 6-Month Percentile Calculation

Each session's absolute net gamma is evaluated strictly against the preceding 126 trading days (roughly 6 calendar months). This rolling structure prevents historical look-ahead bias:

GEX Percentile = ( Count of Prior 126 Sessions with |Net GEXhist| < |Net GEXcurrent| / 126 ) × 100
Example Execution: 8,995,477 Net GEX ⇒ 70th Percentile
Current Net GEX: 8,995,477 Relative Rank: 70th Percentile 0th Percentile (Lightest Relative Positioning) 100th Percentile (Heaviest Positioning) Rolling 126-Trading-Day Window (6 Months)
The rank is taken inside a window that rolls forward with each session, which keeps an early reading and a recent one comparable even though the absolute gamma figures differ.

2. Dual-Variable Matching Protocol

Candidate historical days must satisfy two independent constraints simultaneously to enter the model's analytical sample:

Candidate Match Filter 1. GEX Percentile Filter Matches historical sessions where Historical Percentile ≈ Current (70th) 2. VIX Regime Filter Matches historical sessions where Regime Matches: Calm (<20) vs Elevated (≥20)
Both constraints have to hold on the same session for it to enter the sample. On this reading every matched day sits in the calm regime, with spot VIX between 12.03 and 19.84.
Why Split by VIX Regime?

Dealer gamma behaves differently depending on broad market volatility. A high gamma reading during a calm market (VIX < 20) reflects a completely different market structure than the same reading during a severe stress event (VIX ≥ 20). Splitting by regime prevents conflicting market signals from distorting the forward probabilities.

Chapter 3

Cumulative Intraday Spike Probabilities

The Spike Probability Engine evaluates how often matched historical sessions reached specific point-expansion targets across three forward time frames: 5, 10, and 20 trading days.

1. Intraday "Touch" Logic

Threshold breaches are triggered the instant spot VIX touches a target level during trading hours. The system does not require VIX to hold or close at that level.

  • Upward Targets: Triggered if the intraday High reaches or crosses the target.
  • Downward Targets: Triggered if the intraday Low reaches or touches the lower threshold.
18.70 Entry Close 23.70 Target Hit Intraday Closes Lower Later Day 0 Day 20
This path hits the target early in the window and then closes lower than it started. The touch is what gets recorded, so the session still counts toward that level.
Rule

Any intraday touch registers as a valid historical breach across all active forward windows (5, 10, or 20 days), even if VIX completely reverses by the end of the session.

2. Forward Probability Matrix (Sample: VIX = 18.70, 70th Percentile GEX, Calm Regime)

Threshold DeltaAbsolute VIX Target5-Day Time Frame10-Day Time Frame20-Day Time FrameAnalytical Insight
VIX +5 Pts23.7014.5%30.6%48.4%Nearly half of all matched historical setups reached this target within 20 days.
VIX +10 Pts28.704.8%9.7%21.0%Spike probabilities more than double between weeks 2 and 4.
VIX +15 Pts33.703.2%6.5%9.7%Severe tail-risk expansion; historically infrequent from a calm base.
VIX +20 Pts38.703.2%3.2%4.8%Extreme volatility event (under 5% signals low probability).
VIX −5 Pts13.701.6%Downside movement is limited given the starting baseline level.
Open the chart
Chapter 4

Historical Setup Log

The Setup Log details every historical trading session that matched both active search parameters: the GEX Percentile and the VIX Regime Filter.

The Columns

Column HeaderDefinitionAnalytical Value
DateHistorical trading session timestamp.Verifies distribution across different macro cycles.
VIXClosing spot VIX on the matched date.Confirms all rows share the same VIX regime.
Net GEXTotal dollar gamma position carried by dealers.Displays the raw positioning figure behind the rank.
GEX PercentileTrailing 6-month percentile rank of absolute Net GEX.Verifies exact alignment with the target percentile.
Highest VIX MoveMax intraday point expansion above entry across 5/10/20 sessions.Provides the underlying data for the probability engine.

Interpretation Rules

  • "Never Went Higher": Indicates that spot VIX did not trade above its entry session closing price at any point during the forward window.
  • Pending Status: Flags recent historical sessions whose 5-, 10-, or 20-day forward tracking windows are still ongoing.
  • Distribution Skew: Comparing average peak moves to median peak moves helps determine whether average return figures are driven by a few extreme outliers or consistent market behavior.
Example Skew Analysis

In this matched sample, the median peak 20-day move was +4.97 points, while the maximum peak move reached +51.25 points (from a July 2024 volatility squeeze). Sorting by the 20-day column isolates these tail-risk events.

Open the log

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